How Australopithecus provided insight into human evolution

Australopithecus Afarensis and Human Evolution

Cyanobacterial Evolution: Fresh Insight into Ancient Questions

The invention of oxygenic photosynthesis by cyanobacteria 2.4 billion years ago forever transformed Earth. This biogeochemical shift set into motion the evolution of subsequent microbial metabolisms and lifestyles. A new study provides a novel approach in piecing together evidence for how this evolutionary transition may have occurred.

Mitophagy: New Insight into the Cardiovascular Aging  

Human Studies Provide Insight into the Pathogenesis

Sir—In their article about Cryptosporidium species, Leav et al. [1] provide a nice summary of data on the molecular biology of these parasites and findings from animal studies. However, there are also recent human studies on the pathogenesis, immunology, and treatment of infection with this organism that were not discussed in the article. For example, the section on pathogenesis states that the...

Human evolution. Response to Comment on "Human-like hand use in Australopithecus africanus".

Almécija and colleagues claim that we apply a simplified understanding of bone functional adaptation and that our results of human-like hand use in Australopithecus africanus are not novel. We argue that our results speak to actual behavior, rather than potential behaviors, and our functional interpretation is well supported by our methodological approach, comparative sample, and previous exper...